7,081 research outputs found
The Light and Period Variations of the Eclipsing Binary AA Ursae Majoris
We present new multiband CCD photometry for AA UMa made on 8 nights between
January and March 2009; the light curves are the first ever compiled.
Historical light curves, as well as ours, display partial eclipses and inverse
O'Connell effects with Max I fainter than Max II. Among possible spot models, a
cool spot on either of the component stars and its variability with time permit
good light-curve representations for the system. A total of 194 eclipse timings
over 81 yrs, including our five timings, were used for ephemeris computations.
We found that the orbital period of the system has varied due to a periodic
oscillation overlaid on an upward parabolic variation. The continuous period
increase at a fractional rate of 1.310 is consistent with
that calculated from the W-D code and can be interpreted as a thermal mass
transfer from the less to the more massive secondary star at a rate of
6.610 M yr. The periodic component is in
satisfactory accord with a light-time effect due to an unseen companion with a
period of 28.2 yrs, a semi-amplitude of 0.007 d, and a minimum mass of =0.25 but this period variation could also arise from
magnetic activity.Comment: 23 pages, including 5 figures and 8 tables, accepted for publication
in PAS
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Comparison of the Plasma Metabolome Profiles Between the Internal Thoracic Artery and Ascending Aorta in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Using Gas Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry.
BackgroundThe left internal thoracic artery (LITA) has been used as the first conduit of choice in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) because of excellent long-term patency and outcomes. However, no studies have examined substances other than nitric oxide that could be beneficial for the bypass conduit, native coronary artery or ischemic myocardium. This study was conducted to evaluate differences in metabolic profiles between the LITA and ascending aorta using gas chromatography-time of flight-mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS).MethodsTwenty patients who underwent CABG using the LITA were prospectively enrolled. Plasma samples were collected simultaneously from the LITA and ascending aorta. GC-TOF-MS based untargeted metabolomic analyses were performed and a 2-step volcano plot analysis was used to identify distinguishable markers from two plasma metabolome profiles. Semi-quantitative and quantitative analyses were performed using GC-TOF-MS and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively, after selecting target metabolites based on the metabolite set enrichment analysis.ResultsInitial volcano plot analysis demonstrated 5 possible markers among 851 peaks detected. The final analysis demonstrated that the L-cysteine peak was significantly higher in the LITA than in the ascending aorta (fold change = 1.86). The concentrations of intermediate metabolites such as L-cysteine, L-methionine and L-cystine in the 'cysteine and methionine metabolism pathway' were significantly higher in the LITA than in the ascending aorta (2.0-, 1.4- and 1.2-fold, respectively). Quantitative analysis showed that the concentration of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) was significantly higher in the LITA.ConclusionThe plasma metabolome profiles of the LITA and ascending aorta were different, particularly higher plasma concentrations of L-cysteine and H₂S in the LITA
Bremsstrahlung Radiation At a Vacuum Bubble Wall
When charged particles collide with a vacuum bubble, they can radiate strong
electromagnetic waves due to rapid deceleration. Owing to the energy loss of
the particles by this bremsstrahlung radiation, there is a non-negligible
damping pressure acting on the bubble wall even when thermal equilibrium is
maintained. In the non-relativistic region, this pressure is proportional to
the velocity of the wall and could have influenced the bubble dynamics in the
early universe.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, revtex, to appear in JKP
Universal Approximation of Parametric Optimization via Neural Networks with Piecewise Linear Policy Approximation
Parametric optimization solves a family of optimization problems as a
function of parameters. It is a critical component in situations where optimal
decision making is repeatedly performed for updated parameter values, but
computation becomes challenging when complex problems need to be solved in
real-time. Therefore, in this study, we present theoretical foundations on
approximating optimal policy of parametric optimization problem through Neural
Networks and derive conditions that allow the Universal Approximation Theorem
to be applied to parametric optimization problems by constructing piecewise
linear policy approximation explicitly. This study fills the gap on formally
analyzing the constructed piecewise linear approximation in terms of
feasibility and optimality and show that Neural Networks (with ReLU
activations) can be valid approximator for this approximation in terms of
generalization and approximation error. Furthermore, based on theoretical
results, we propose a strategy to improve feasibility of approximated solution
and discuss training with suboptimal solutions.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figures, preprint, under revie
Concept of Nuruk on Brewing Technology
Nuruk is a traditional Korean fermentation starter that is used to produce starch-based alcoholic beverages using various cereals as raw material. As a determinant factor for flavor, taste, and color of alcoholic beverages, Nuruk is an indispensable ingredient for brewing alcoholic beverages in Korea. Nuruk shows significant variation in the shape, and in the brewing and fermentation methods, which are dependent on the unique climate in each area. Therefore, it is worthy to note that the characteristics of Korean traditional Nuruk are based on its diversity. Thus, this chapter is aimed to scientifically identify the characteristics of traditional Nuruk on brewing technology. In this chapter, the concept of Nuruk will be discussed in terms of its history, production, microorganism diversity, and enzymatic function
Past, Present and Future Molecular Approaches to Improve Yield in Wheat
This chapter addresses the development and use of molecular markers for yield enhancement in wheat. Since their key goal for breeding is to maximize yield, extensive efforts have been made toward the improvement of yield. Agronomic traits related to yield, yield-related, disease resistance, and abiotic stresses are considered to be quantitative traits (QTLs), also known as complex traits, because they are controlled by numerous genes and are affected by environmental factors. Researchers have been studying such traits in the past decades for the development of molecular markers which can be used in various wheat breeding studies mainly involving restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), simple sequence repeat (SSR), single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Furthermore, the advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has accelerated the discovery of agronomically important genes. All of the technologies have enabled great advances for increasing the productivity of wheat. Here, the past history of first-generation sequencing, present status of second-generation sequencing, and future potential of translational genomics linked to the yield will be discussed
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